Suspension ndiro izwi rekare kune ese masimba-kutumira ekubatanidza zvishandiso pakati pefuremu neaxle kana mavhiri.Iyo vibration inogadzirwa neiyi inovimbisa kufamba zvakanaka kwemotokari.
Yakajairwa kumiswa chimiro ine elastic zvinhu, ekutungamira magadzirirwo uye kuvhunduka, uye zvimwe zvimiro zvinosanganisira mabumpers uye stabilizer mabara.Elastic zvinhu zvinosanganisira zvitubu zvemashizha, zvitubu zvemhepo, zvitubu zvecoil uye torsion bar zvitubu, nepo zvitubu zvemotokari zvemazuva ano zvinonyanya kushandisa zvitubu zvemakoiri uye torsion bar springs, nepo dzimwe mota dzemberi dzichishandisa zvitubu zvemhepo.
Kusimwa igungano rakakosha mumotokari, iyo elastically inobatanidza furemu uye gumbo, uye inobatana nemitambo yakasiyana-siyana yemotokari.Kubva kunze, kumiswa kwemotokari ingori matanda mashoma, machubhu uye zvitubu, asi usafunge kuti zviri nyore.Kusiyana neizvi, kumiswa kwemotokari imhando yekusangana kwemotokari iyo yakaoma kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvakakwana, nekuti kumiswa kunoda kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekunyaradza kwemotokari uye kugadzikana kwekubata, uye zvinhu zviviri izvi zvakapesana.Semuenzaniso, kuti uwane kunyaradzwa kwakanaka, kuzununguka kwemotokari kunoda kuderedzwa kusvika pamwero mukuru, saka chitubu chinofanira kugadzirwa kuti chive chakapfava, asi kana chitubu chakanyanya kupfava, zviri nyore kutungamira "kugutsurira" yekubhureki, "kukwira kumusoro" yekumhanyisa uye yakakomba mhedzisiro.Maitiro akaipa ekupidigura haakodzeri kufambiswa kwemota, uye zviri nyore kuita kuti mota imhanye isina kugadzikana.
Kumiswa kwevhiri rakazvimirira
Chimiro chechimiro chekusimira kusingazvimiririra ndechekuti mavhiri ari kumativi ese ari maviri akabatanidzwa neakakosha furemu, uye mavhiri nemaaxles zvakamiswa pasi pefuremu kana mutumbi wemotokari kuburikidza neastic suspensions.Iyo isina-yakazvimiririra kuturika ine zvakanakira chimiro chakareruka, mutengo wakaderera, simba rakawanda, kugadzirisa kuri nyore, uye shanduko diki pamberi pevhiri kurongeka panguva yekutyaira.Nekudaro, nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwayo uye kugadzikana kwekubata, haichashandiswi mumotokari dzemazuva ano, asi inonyanya kushandiswa mumarori nemabhazi.
Kumiswa kwakazvimirira
Kumiswa kwakazvimiririra kunoreva kuti mavhiri kumativi ese ari maviri akarembera akazvimirira pasi pefuremu kana muviri kuburikidza ne elastic suspension.Zvakanakira zvaro ndezvi: huremu huremu, kuderedza kukanganisa pamuviri, uye kunatsiridza kunamatira kwevhiri pasi;chitubu chakapfava chine kuomarara kudiki chinogona kushandiswa kuvandudza kunyaradza kwemota;inogona kudzikisa nzvimbo yeinjini uye pakati pesimba rinokwevera mota, nekudaro ichivandudza kutyaira kwekutyaira kwemota Kugadzikana;mavhiri ekuruboshwe nekurudyi anobvongodza akazvimirira, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kurereka uye kudedera kwemuviri.Nekudaro, iyo yakazvimiririra kumiswa ine zvayakaipira senge yakaoma chimiro, mutengo wakakwira, uye kusagadzikana kugadzirisa.Mota zhinji dzemazuva ano dzinoshandisa zvimisikidzo zvakazvimirira, izvo zvinogona kukamurwa kuita chishuwo, ruoko runotevera, multi-link, kenduru uye kumiswa kweMcPherson zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana dzemaitiro.
Wishbone kumiswa
Kuturika (cross-arm suspension) zvinoreva kuturika kwakazvimiririra uko mavhiri anotenderera mundege yakachinjika yemotokari.Inogona kukamurwa kuita kaviri-ruoko kumiswa uye imwe-ruoko kumiswa zvichienderana nenhamba yekuyambuka-maoko.
Chimiro chechishuwo chimwe chete chiri nyore, pakati pepumburu yakakwirira, uye anti-roll kugona kwakasimba.Zvisinei, sezvo kumhanya kwemotokari dzemazuva ano kuchiwedzera, nzvimbo dzakawandisa dzema roller dzinogona kukonzera shanduko huru mukufamba kwemavhiri uye kuwedzera kupfekedzwa kwemavhiri sezvo mavhiri anobhoekana.Mukuwedzera, kana uchitendeuka zvakanyanya, vertical force transmission pakati pekuruboshwe nekurudyi mavhiri yakakura zvikuru, zvichiita kuti camber yakawedzerwa yemavhiri ekumashure.Kuoma kwemayaw kwevhiri rekumashure kunodzikira, zvichikonzera mamiriro akakomba ekukukurwa.Iyo imwechete-wishbone yakazvimirira kumiswa ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kumisa kumashure, asi nekuti haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekumhanya-mhanya kutyaira, haiwanzo kushandiswa panguva ino.Maererano nekureba kwepamusoro uye kwepasi wishbone yakaenzana, iyo kaviri wishbone yakazvimiririra kuturika yakakamurwa kuva mhando mbiri: yakaenzana kureba kaviri wishbone uye kusaenzana kureba kaviri wishbone.Iko kumiswa kunogona kuchengetedza kona yekona ye kingpin nguva dzose, asi hupamhi hwenjanji hunochinja zvakanyanya (zvakafanana nerudzi rwechishuwo chimwe), izvo zvinokonzeresa kupera kwematayi, saka haichawanzo kushandiswa ikozvino.Kune mbiri-wishbone suspensions yehurefu hwakasiyana, chero kureba kwepamusoro uye pasi pekuda kwakanyatsosarudzwa uye kugadziridzwa, kuburikidza nekurongeka kunonzwisisika, shanduko yehupamhi hwenjanji uye kumberi kwevhiri kurongeka paramita inogona kunge iri mukati meiyo inogamuchirwa renji, kuitira kuti chengetedza kuti mota iri muchimiro chakanaka.kutyaira kugadzikana.Parizvino, kusaenzana-kureba-kureba-wishbone kumiswa kwakashandiswa zvakanyanya kumberi nekumashure kumiswa kwemotokari, uye mavhiri ekumashure emamwe emitambo mota uye mota dzemujaho anoshandisawo ichi kumiswa chimiro.
Multi-link yakazvimirira kumiswa
A multi-link suspension is a suspension ine (3-5) tsvimbo inodzora shanduko panzvimbo yemavhiri.Iyo yakawanda-yekubatanidza mhando inogona kuita kuti vhiri ritenderere rakatenderedza axis pane imwe kona ine longitudinal axis yemotokari, inova kuwirirana pakati peiyo-yemuchinjiko-ruoko rudzi uye longitudinal axis yemotokari.Kusarudzwa kwakakodzera kwekona pakati peiyo swing arm axis uye longitudinal axis yemotokari inogona kuwana zvakanakira iyo yekuchinjika-ruoko kuturika uye inoteedzera-ruoko kumiswa kune akasiyana madhigirii, uye inogona kusangana nekuita kwakasiyana zvinodiwa.Mukana mukuru wekumisikidzwa kwema-multi-link nderekuti shanduko yehupamhi hwenjanji uye chigunwe-mukati idiki kana vhiri richikwira, uye rinogona kutendeuka zvakanaka zvichienderana nechinangwa chemutyairi kana mota iri kutyaira kana braking.Kukanganisa kwayo ndeyekuti ekisero yemotokari inotenderera ichimhanya zvakanyanya.
Trailing ruoko kuturika
Trailing arm independent suspension inoreva kuturika uko mavhiri anozungunuka mundege yakareba yemotokari, uye akakamurwa kuita rudzi rweruoko runotevera runotevera uye ruviri rudzi rweruoko runotevera.Iyo caster angle ye kingpin inochinja zvakanyanya kana vhiri richikwira nekudzika, saka hapana kana imwe yekutevera inomisa ruoko inoshandiswa pavhiri.Maoko maviri anozungunusa e-double-trailing-arm suspension anowanzoitwa kuti aenzane kureba kuti agadzire dhizaini ye-four-bar structure kuitira kuti caster angle ye kingpin irambe isingachinji sezvo mavhiri anobvongoka achikwira nekudzika.Iyo kaviri trailing ruoko kuturika ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kudhiraivha.
Kurembera kwekenduru
Chimiro chechimiro chekusimudzwa kwekenduru ndechekuti mavhiri anofamba achikwira nekudzika pamwe neaxis ye kingpin yakagadzikwa kune furemu.Kubatsira kwekumisikidzwa kwakafanana nekenduru nderekuti kana kumiswa kwakaremara, iyo yekumisikidza angle ye kingpin haizochinji, uye chete track uye wheelbase zvinochinja zvishoma, saka zvinonyanya kubatsira kune kutungamira uye kugadzikana kwekutyaira. motokari.Zvisinei, kumiswa kwekenduru kune kukanganisa kukuru: simba rekupedzisira remotokari richatakurwa ne kingpin yakapfeka sleeve ye kingpin, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekupokana pakati pe sleeve ne kingpin uye kupfeka kwakakomba.Kurembera kwekenduru hakusi kushandiswa zvakanyanya mazuva ano.
McPherson Suspension
Gumbo reMcPherson suspension zvakare kumiswa kunotsvedza padivi pemambo, asi kwakasiyana nekumiswa kwekenduru pakuti kingpin yayo inogona kuzungunuka.MacPherson kumiswa musanganiswa wekuswing ruoko uye kumiswa kwekenduru.Kuenzaniswa neaviri-wishbone kumiswa, zvakanakira iyo MacPherson kumiswa ndeiyi: compact dhizaini, diki shanduko mumaganho ekurongeka emavhiri epamberi apo mavhiri ari kubhuroka, kubata kwakanaka kugadzikana, kudzima iyo yepamusoro chishuwo, uye kufambisa kurongeka kweiyo mavhiri. injini uye chidhiraivho sisitimu; Kana ichienzaniswa nekumiswa kwekenduru, iyo lateral simba pambiru yayo inotsvedza yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya.Kumiswa kweMcPherson kunonyanya kushandiswa kumisa kumberi kwemota diki uye dzepakati nepakati.Iyo yekumberi kumiswa kwePorsche 911, yepamba Audi, Santana, Xiali uye Fukang ndeye MacPherson yakazvimirira kumiswa.Kunyangwe kumiswa kweMcPherson isiri iyo yakanyanya hunyanzvi yekumisa chimiro, ichiri yakamira yakazvimirira kumiswa ine yakasimba mugwagwa inochinjika.
Active kuturika
Active suspension inzira nyowani inodzorwa nekombuta yakamiswa mumakore gumi apfuura.Inosanganisa ruzivo rwehunyanzvi hwemakanika nemagetsi, uye chinhu chakaomarara chepamusoro-tech mudziyo.Semuenzaniso, muSantilla, Citroen, France, uko kusungirirwa kunoshanda kwakaiswa, pakati peiyo suspension system ndeye microcomputer.Dhata senge amplitude uye frequency, steering vhiri angle uye yekumhanyisa kumhanya inoendeswa kune microcomputer.Iyo komputa inoramba ichigashira iyi data uye inoienzanisa neyakagadzikwa pachikumbaridzo kusarudza yakakodzera kumbomira mamiriro.Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo microcomputer inozvimiririra inodzora ma actuators pavhiri rega rega, uye inogadzira kuzununguka nekudzora shanduko yemafuta ekumanikidza mune yekuvhunduka absorber, kuitira kuti iyo yekumisa kufamba inosangana nezvinodiwa inogona kugadzirwa pane chero vhiri chero nguva.Nokudaro, motokari yeSantiya yakashongedzerwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutyaira.Chero bedzi mutyairi achidhonza bhatani re "Normal" kana "Sport" pane yekubatsira chiridzwa pani, mota inongoerekana yaiswa mune yakaringana kumiswa mamiriro kuti optimal kunyaradza kuita.
Active suspension ine basa rekudzora kufamba kwemuviri.Kana iyo inertia yemotokari panguva yebraking kana kona inokonzera kuti chitubu chive chinokanganisa, kumira kunoshanda kunobudisa simba rinopikisa simba risina simba, nokudaro kuderedza kuchinja kwechimiro chemuviri.Semuenzaniso, muGerman Mercedes-Benz 2000 CL mota yemitambo, kana mota ichitendeuka, iyo yekumisikidza sensor ichaona pakarepo kurerekera uye kukurumidza kukurumidza kwemuviri wemotokari.Zvichienderana neruzivo rwe sensor, komputa inoverengera inopesana ne preset zvikumbaridzo uye pakarepo inosarudza kwainoisa mutoro pakumiswa kuti uderedze kurenda kwemuviri.
Jinjiang Huibang Zhongtian Machinery Co., Ltd. yakavambwa muna 1987. Mugadziri wemazuva ano akazara anobatanidza R&D, kugadzirwa uye kutengesa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzechasi dzemotokari.Simba rakasimba rehunyanzvi.Zvinoenderana nedzidziso ye "Hunhu Hwekutanga, Reputation Kutanga, Mutengi Kutanga", isu ticharamba tichifambira mberi takanangana nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro, hwakanatswa, hunyanzvi uye hwakakosha zvigadzirwa, uye kushandira huwandu hukuru hwevatengi vepamba nevekunze nemoyo wese!
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-23-2023